Governor for explosive-engines



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet l. H. P. MAXIM.

GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES. No. 606,425. Patented June 28,1898.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- H. P. MAXIM.

GOVERNOR FOR EXPLGSIVE ENGINES.

No. 606,425. Patented June 28,1898.

JV/imam. ammo u No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

HP MAXIM. GOVERNOR FOR BXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

No 6 )6,425.. Patented Ju e 28, 1898.

W/ibvws/am, J vw/z/wbo u (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheetv 4.

H. P. MAXIM. GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

No 606,426. Patented June 28,1898.

l'lE k POPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE MAINE.

AND PORTLAND,

GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSlVEF-ENGINES.

SBECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 606,425, dated June 28,1898. Application filed February 2'7; 1:897. erial No. 625,315. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may conccrn: 7

Be it known that I, HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, a citizen of the United States,residing inthe City and county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Explosive-Engines, &c. of which the followingis a specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates in general to explosive-engines of that class inwhich the fluid which forms the basis of the explosive mixture is fed tothe explosion-chamber of the engine in proper quantity for eachsuccessive charge, and more especially to the means for supplying thefluid'andfor regulating the supply with the ultimate object ofregulating the speed and power of the engine. 7

The object of the invention is to improve such means, in the firstplace, so that such regulation shall be thoroughly automatic and highlyefficient, the governor mechanism respending quickly to variations inthe load and speed of the engine, and, in the second place, so that thegovernor mechanism shall i be under the complete control of the operator or engineer at all times, whereby suchva riations of speed as maybe. desired can be produced quickly and easily. I have also sought tosimplify the governor mechanism as much as possible. i

In accordance with my invention I have so constructed and arranged thepump by which the fluid is fed to the explosion-chamber and the primeactuator by which the pump is ac-' tuated and which is itself driven bythe engine and partakes of any variations of speed of the engine that ifthe speed of the engine, and consequently that of the actuator,increases materially the pump shall lag behind in its action and thenextcharge of fluid delivered to the explosion-chamber be correspondinglyreduced. To this end I prefer to introduce between the actuator and thepump a transmitter which is made sluggish in its movement in onedirection by its, own inertia or by the addition thereto of a retard ingdevice. Such transmitter, moreover, conveniently can be made subject tothe control of the engineer or operator for the purpose ofeffecting'desired changes in the speed of the engine.

I will describe the nature of my invention shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asectional plan view on the planeindicated by the dotted line 3 3 of Fig.1, connections by which the main actuator is driven from the engine-shaft being also represented. Fig. 4c is a view similar to Fig. 1,but illustrating a different embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 is aview,

partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section, illustratingthe application of one form of myinvention to an explosive-engine.

In the several figures of the drawings the j pumpby which the fluid isfed to the explosion chamber or cylinder A of the engine in rear of thepiston A is represented as formed in and supported by the upright orstandard A, erected upon a bed-plate or base A. The plunger B of thepump is represented as reciprocating horizontally in a cylinder B,

1 which communicates with the valve cylinder Suitable check-valves band' or chamber B 12 are placed in the latter to insure the forwardmovement of the fluid, and the supplypipe 0 and delivery-pipe C arerepresented as connected. to the valve cylinder or chamber. The mainactuator D is shown as a cam of proper configuration, which may bedriven by a shaft d and gears d cl from the main engine-shaft D; but itwill be obvious that it might be driven by any other convenient means.As a means of transmitting power from the main actuator D to the plun--ger B, I have shown a lever E, to which the plunger Bis connected, andwhich itself may bear upon the actuator I) through the me dium of aroller 6. A spring-F is applied to the transmitter E in such a manner asto cause the latter to bear normally against the periphery of theactuator or cam D throughout its entire rotation, and in Fig. 1 the Fig.2 is a plan view of the parts when the speed of the movement of theactupasses, so that by rotation of said crank the F be regulated by theadj iistiiigscrewfalone.

spring is shown as connected to the trans-} mitter by an adjusting-screwf, so that the tension of the spring can be varied, a checknut f beingapplied to the screwf to retain it in adjusted position. A stop-screw eand check-nut a may be provided to limit the throw of the lever E, andconsequently the throw of the plunger B, in one direction, if desired.It will be obvious that the transmitter or lever E is moved in onedirection by the prime actuator or cam D and in the other direction bythe spring F, the quickness of the return movement of the transmitter orleverbeing dependent, primarily, upon the tension of the spring F. Inorder, however, that the return movement of the transmitter may besomewhat sluggish, I may give to the transmitter such mass that its owninertia may be relied upon to secure the sluggish return movement. Itwill now be evident that if the tension of the spring F is so adjustedthat the transmitter or lever E will remain in contact with theperiphery of the actuator or cam D throughout its revolution while saidactuator is being driven at normal speed the inertia of the transmitterand the consequent sluggishness of its return movement will permit thecam or actuator to make a partial revolution after its highest point haspassed the roller e and before such roller again strikes the peripheryof the cam ator increases above the normal, whereby the inward movementof the plunger will be shortened and the quantity of fluid fed to theexplosion-chamber of the engine will be correspondingly reduced.

As a convenient means for placing the governor mechanism under thecontrol of the engineer or operator I have represented in theconstruction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the spring F as connected to oneend of a rocking lever G, the other end of which is connected to acontrolling-shaft G. The latter is provided with a screw-threadedportion g, to which is applied a crank-handle G having its hub threadedand bearing upon a plate 9 through which said controlling-shaft tensionof the spring F can be varied at will. The rocking lever G may beprovided with a stop 9, so that the controlling shaft or rod G may bedetached and the tension of the spring In Fig. 4 I have represented aconstruction which in general is similar to that shown in Figs. 1, 2,and 3, but in which a retarding device is applied to the transmitter Eto delay or render sluggish its return movement when the highest pointof the actuatoror cam D has left it. As there shown,such retardingdevice consists of a dash-pot II, the plunger II of which is connectedto the transmitter E. The valve h of the dash-pot is adapted to beactuated by a shaft or rod G under control of the operator to vary thecushion of the dash-pot in a manner well understood. A

spring F is applied to the transmitterto i11- sure its contact with theactuator while the latter moves at a normal speed. The operation of thisform of the device will be readily understood without furtherexplanation.

I claim as my invention- 1. In an explosive-engine, the combination of aworking cylinder, piston and moving parts operated thereby,a pump todeliver fluid to said cylinder, an actuator operated with the enginewith a definite stroke and moving the plunger of the pump in onedirection, independent means to return the plunger of the pump in theopposite direction and other devices to retard the return movement ofthe plunger, whereby the extent of return of the plunger isautomatically varied.

2. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, apiston and moving parts operated thereby,a pump to deliver fluid to said-cylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with adefinite strokeand moving the plunger of the pump in one direction, a spring to returnthe plunger of the pump in the opposite direction and other devices toretard the return movement, whereby as the speed of the actuator isaccelerated it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the return movementof the latter.

3. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, apiston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid tosaid cylinder, a cam having a relatively quick drop, operated with theengine with a definite stroke and moving the plunger of the pump in onedirection, means to return the plunger of the pump in the oppositedirection, and other devices to retard the return movement, whereby asthe speed of the cam is accelerated, it runs ahead of the plunger andchecks the retu rn movement of the latter.

4. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, apiston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid tosaid cylinder, a cam having a relati vely quick drop rotated with theengine and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction, a spring toreturn the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction, and otherdevices to retard the return movement,

whereby as the speed of the cam is accelerated, it runs ahead of theplunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

5. A feeding and governing mechanism for explosive-engines, &c.,comprising a pump, an actuator operated with the engine with a definitestroke and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction,independentmeans to return the plunger of the pump in the op posite direction, anda dash-pot in operative relation with said plunger to retard its returnmovement whereby as the speed of the actuator is accelerated, it runsahead of the plunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

6. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, pistonand moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid to saidcylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with a definite stroke, alever connected to the plunger of the pump and operated by said actuatorin one direction, and other devices to retard the return movement of thelever and the plunger, whereby as the speed of the actuator isaccelerated, it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the return movementof the latter.

7. In an explosive-engine, the combination .of a working cylinder, apiston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid tosaid cylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with a definitestroke, a lever connected to the plunger of the pump and ing againstsaid cam to be actuated thereby in one direction, and other means toretard the return movement of the lever and the plunger, whereby as thespeed of the cam is accelerated, it runs ahead of 'the plunger andchecks the return movement of the latter.

9. A feeding and governing mechanism for explosive-engines, &c.,comprising a pump, a cam actuated with the engine with a defiuitestroke, a lever connected to the plunger of the pump and normallybearing against said cam to be actuated thereby in one direction, and adash-pot to retard the return movement of the lever and the plunger.

10. A feeding and governing mechanism for explosive engines, 850.,comprising a pump, an actuator operated with the engine with a definitestroke and moving the plunger ofthe pump in one direction, independentmeans to return the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction, adash-pot in operative relation with said plunger, and means to vary theaction of the dash-pot.

This specification sign ed and witnessed this 25th day of February, A.D. 1897.

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM. In presence of p H. M. Porn,

HERMANN F. CUNTZ.

